MULBERRY HARBOURSDuring the 1945 Allied invasion of Normandy, temporary
harbours were constructed so that stores, munitions and reinforcements
could be unloaded at the beachhead until a working port could be captured
and brought into operation. These were called Mulberry Harbours and were
constructed from old or damaged ships which were scuttled to form breakwaters.
These harbours were commenced on 7th June 1944 and completed on 11th June,
but on 19th June a violent storm blew up which lasted for four days and
wrecked Mulberry A. Additional blockships were assigned later to repair
gale damage but not all of them were used..
The breakwaters were numbered Gooseberry 1 to 5.
1. Off Utah Beach
2. Off Omaha Beack (expanded to Mulberry A)
3. Off Gold Beach (expanded to Mulberry B)
4. Off Juno Beach
5. Off Sword Beach.
Gooseberry 3The breakwaters were numbered Gooseberry 1 to 5.
1. Off Utah Beach
2. Off Omaha Beack (expanded to Mulberry A)
3. Off Gold Beach (expanded to Mulberry B)
4. Off Juno Beach
5. Off Sword Beach.
Gooseberry 1
|
NAME
|
TONS
|
BUILT
|
HISTORY
|
| Benjamin Contee |
7,176 |
1942 |
Liberty Ship. Built by Delta S.B Co,
New Orlans. 16th Aug.1943 torpedoed by German aircraft 16
miles west of Bone with Italian prisoners. Arrived at Bone
on 18th Aug. and later repaired at Gibraltar. |
| David O. Saylor |
4,826 |
1943 |
Concrete vessel. Built by McCloskey &
Co, Tampa Florida. 1943 U. S. War Shipping Administration, Tampa, Fla. |
| George S. Wasson |
7,176 |
1943 |
Liberty Ship. Built by New England S.B.
Corp, Portland, Maine. 31st Jan.1944 struck a British mine
5 miles south of The Smalls on voyage Portland, Maine to Avonmouth. |
| Matt. W. Ransom |
7,176 |
1943 |
Liberty Ship. Built by North Carolina
S.B. Corp, Wilmington, N.C. 11th Apr.1943 damaged by mine off
Casablanca on voyage New York to North Africa, made port and
temporarily repaired. |
| Victory Sword |
4,750 |
1910 |
Tanker. Built by Fore River S.B. Co,
Quincy Mass. 1910 CURRIER, Cuba Distilling Co, New York. 1917 Gulf Refining Co, Port Arthur, Tex. 1936 American Marine Products Co, San Francisco, converted to fish factory. 1941 VICTORY SWORD, Sword SS Line, New York, converted to dry cargo. |
| Vitruvius |
4,826 |
1943 |
Concrete vessel. Built by McCloskey &
Co, Tampa, Florida. 1943 U. S. War Shipping Administration, Tampa, Fla.. |
| West Cheswald |
5,711 |
1919 |
WWI Standard Type. Built by Northwest
Steel Co, Portland, Ore. 1919 U.S. Shipping Board, Portland, Ore. 1937 U.S. Maritime Commission, Portland, Ore. |
| West Honaker |
5,428 |
1920 |
WWI Standard Type. Built by Los Angeles
S.B & D.D. Co, Los Angeles. 1920 U.S. Shipping Board, Los Angeles. 1926 converted to motor vessel. 1937 U.S. Maritime Commission, Los Angeles. |
| West Nohno |
5,769 |
1919 |
WWI Standard Type. Built by Northwest
Steel Co, Portland, Ore. 1919 U.S. Shipping Board, Portland, Ore. 1929 American West African Line (Barber SS Lines), New York. 1933 U.S. Shipping Board, New York. 1937 U.S. Maritime Commission, New York. |
| Willis A. Slater |
4.826 |
1944 |
Concrete vessel. Built by McCloskey &
Co, Tampa, Florida, 1943 U. S. War Shipping Administration, Tampa, Fla. |
Gooseberry 2
|
NAME
|
TONS
|
BUILT
|
HISTORY
|
| Artemas Ward |
7,177 |
1942 |
Liberty Ship. Built by North Carolina S.B.
Co, Wilmingtom, N.C. 24th Mar.1944 damaged in collision with tug MANASSAS in entrance to Bristol Channel on voyage New York - U.K. Beached at Angle Bay, Milford Haven, subsequently refloated and repaired. |
| Audacious |
7,455 |
1913 |
Built by Cant. Nav. Triestino, Monfalcone. 1913 BELVEDERE, Unione Austriaco di Nav. Soc. Anon, Trieste, Austria-Hungary. 1919 Unione di Nav. Soc. Anon, Trieste, Italy. 1920 Cosulich Soc. Triestina di Nav, Trieste. 1937 Italia S.A.di Nav, Genoa. 1940 Laid up at Philadelphia. 1941 AUDACIOUS, U.S. War Shipping Administration, Panama.. |
| Baialoide |
6,476 |
1914 |
Built by W. Hamilton & Co, Glasgow. 1914 BAWEAN, N.V. Stoomvaart Mij. Nederland, Amsterdam. 1927 GIEKERK, N.V. Vereenigde Nederlandsche Scheepv. Mij, The Hague. 1935 LIANA, Achille Lauro, Naples. 1940 Laid up at Bahia and 1941 seized by Brazilian authorities. 1941 BAIALOIDE, Lloyd Brasileiro, Rio de Janeiro. 1944 Transferred to War Shipping Admin and scuttled at Normandy. 1949 Raised and scrapped at Ghent. |
| Centurion (HMS) |
25,500 |
1911 |
Battleship. Built by H.M. Dockyard, Devonport. 1913 Commissioned 1916 Battle of Jutland. 1918 Mediterranean and Black Sea service. 1924 Decommissioned and used as a target ship. 1941 Disguised as new battleship HMS ANSON 1942 Anti-Aircraft ship off Suez. |
| Courageous |
7,573 |
1918 |
WWI Standard type. Built by Bethlehem S.B. Corp, Alameda, Calif., ordered as WAR SEA. 1918 COURAGEOUS, U.S. Shipping Board, San Francisco.. 1928 Lengthened and converted to diesel electric 1937 U.S. Maritime Commission, San Francisco. |
| Flight Command |
4,341 |
1911 |
Built by Northumberland S.B. Co, Newcastle. 1911 ORELAND, Noreuro Traders Ltd, London. 1915 Palace Shippping Co, Liverpool. 1915 Hazelwood Shipping Co, London. 1931 ANTE TOPIC, Slobodna Plovidba Topic, Susak, Yugoslavia. 1939 VICKO FERIC, Shipping Feric, Split. 1942 FLIGHT COMMAND, U.S. War Shipping Administration, Panama. |
| Galveston |
6,173 |
1921 |
Built by Doullut & Williams S.B Co, New Orleans.
1921 GALVESTON, U.S. Shipping Board, New Orleans. 1929 Converted to motor vessel. 1937 U.S. Maritime Commission, New Orleans. |
| George W. Childs |
7,176 |
1943 |
Liberty Ship. Built by Bethlehem-Fairfield
Shipyard, Baltimore. Jan / Feb.1944 damaged by heavy weather or stranding. |
| James Iredell |
7,177 |
1942 |
Liberty Ship. Built by North Carolina S.B.
Co, Wilmington, N.C. 23rd Oct.1943 bombed and set on fire by German air attack at Naples. Feb.1944 temporarily repaired at New York. |
| James W. Marshall |
7,176 |
1942 |
Liberty Ship. Built by California S.B.
Corp, Los Angeles.13th & 15th Sep.1943 heavily damaged by German
air attack while discharging military stores at anchor in the Gulf of
Salerno. Towed to Bizerta for temporary repairs. |
| Olambala |
4,815 |
1901 |
Built by Napier & Miller Ltd, Glasgow. 1901 ATHOLL, J. Warrack & Co, Leith. 1919 Australind Steam Shipping Co, London. 1929 ANTONIETTA, Giuseppe Bozzo fu Lorenzo, Genoa. 1940 Laid up at Norfolk, Va, 1941 seized at Philadelphia. 1941 OLAMBALA, U.S. War Shipping Admin., Panama. |
| Potter |
6,174 |
1920 |
Built by Doullut & Williams S.B Co,
New Orleans. 1920 POTTER, U.S. Shipping Board, New Orleans. 1929 Converted to motor vessel. 1937 U.S. Maritime Commission, New Orleans. 1942 U.S. War Shipping Admin, Panama. |
| West Grama |
5,326 |
1918 |
WWI Standard Type. Built by Los Angeles
S.B. & D.D. Co, San Pedro, Calif. Jul.1918 - Jan.1919 U.S. Naval requisition - Naval Overseas Transport Sevice # 1794. 1919 U.S. Shipping Board, Los Angeles. 1927 converted to motor vessel. 1937 U.S. Maritime Commission, Los Angeles. |
| Wilscox |
5,861 |
1919 |
Built by Oscar Daniels Co, Tampa, Florida. 1919 WILSCOX, U.S. Shipping Board, Tampa, Fla. 1927 Converted to motor vessel. 1937 U.S. Maritime Commission, Tampa, Fla. |
|
NAME
|
TONS
|
BUILT
|
HISTORY
|
| Aghios Spyridon |
3,338 |
1905 |
Built by Craig, Taylor & Co, Stockton. 1905 BALLOCHMYLE, Kyle Transport Co, Liverpool. 1911 KYLESTROME, Kyle Shipping Co, Glasgow. 1916 GYP, Preston S.N. Co, London. 1924 DIMITRIS, S.A & P.A. Lemos, Chios, Greece. 1938 AGHIOS SPYRIDON, G. D. Halkias, Chios. 1944 MOWT, London and scuttled. Sep.1945 refloated and scrapped at Briton Ferry. |
| Alynbank |
5,151 |
1925 |
Built by Harland & Wolff Ltd, Glasgow. 1925 ALYNBANK, Bank Line Ltd, Glasgow. 1939 Requisitioned by Admiralty, converted to anti-aircraft ship. 1941 transferred to MOWT. Scuttled 9th Jun.1944, refloated Dec.1945 and scrapped at Troon. |
| Elswick Park |
4,188 |
1920 |
Built by Blyth SB & DD Co, Blyth. 1920 ELSWICK PARK, Weidner, Hopkins & Co, Newcastle. 1944 M.O.W.T, managed by Christian Salvesen & Co., scuttled on 9th June. 1947 refloated and scrapped. |
| Flowergate |
5,156 |
1911 |
Built by J. C. Tecklenborg A.G, Geestemunde. 1911 SCHILDTURM, Deutsche Damps Ges. "Hansa", Bremen. 1914 seized at Antwerp and interned. 1919 The Shipping Controller, managed by Turnbull, Scott & Co. 1921 FLOWERGATE, Turnbull, Scott & Co, London. 1941 Chas. Strubin & Co, London. 1944 MOWT, Managed by Christian Salvesen & Co. and scuttled. 1946 refloated and scrapped at Briton Ferry. |
| Georgios P. |
4,052 |
1903 |
Built by C. S. Swan & Hunter Ltd, Newcastle. 1903 CROSBY HALL, Ellerman Lines Ltd, Liverpool. 1926 GEORGIOS P., Dem G. Coucoumbanis, Piraeus, Greece. 1944 Scuttled. |
| Ingman |
3,169 |
1907 |
Built by A. Rodger & Co, Glasgow. 1907 HELMSDALE, Strath SS Co, Cardiff. 1931 CAROL, W. H. van der Zee, Istanbul. 1932 CAROL DORIAN, Euxine Shipping Co, London. 1938 LAKE HALLWIL, Chas. Strubin & Co, London. 1939 A. Inkapool, E. Jakobson, Parnu, Estonia. 1940 MOWT, London, managed by Harper, Mathew & Co. 1941 SIGNE, MOWT. 1941 INGMAN, MOWT. 1944 MOWT, managed by Christian Salvesen & Co and scuttled. Raised Aug.1945 and scrapped at Newport, Mon. |
| Innerton |
5,276 |
1919 |
WWI Standard type ship (laid down as WAR
SCILLA), built by Ropner & Sons Ltd, Stockton. 1919 INNERTON, R. Chapman & Son, Newcastle. 1944 MOWT, managed by J & J. Denholm and scuttled. |
| Lynghaug |
2,829 |
1919 |
Built by Wallace Shipyards Ltd, Vancouver,
B.C. 1919 CANADIAN TROOPER, Canadian Government Merchant Marine Ltd, Montreal. 1928 Canadian National Steamships Ltd. 1930 LYNGHAUG, Lars Maeland & Co A/S, Haugesund, Norway. 1932 Hvide's Rederi A/S, Bergen. 1944 Transferred to M.O.W.T. |
| Modlin |
3,569 |
1906 |
Built by Flensburger Schiffbau Ges, Flensburg. 1906 GANELON, Roland Line, Bremen. 1907 HILDA HORN, H. C. Horn, Lubeck. 1911 TINOS, Deutsche Levante Line, Hamburg. 1914 Laid up in Piraeus, 1916 seized by Allies. 1916 LE BOURGET, French Government, Dunkerque. 1922 LAURENT SCHIAFFINO, Soc. Algerienne de Nav, pour l'Afrique du Nord, Algiers. 1925 WILJA, Polish Government (Navy Dep't), Gdynia. 1940 MODLIN, Polish Government, operated as Merchant Ship. 1944 MOWT and scuttled, 1946 refloated and scrapped at Dover. |
| Njegos |
4.393 |
1908 |
Built by McMillan & Son, Dumbarton. 1908 SURUGA, New York & Oriental SS Co, Liverpool. 1914 New York & Oriental SS Co, New York. 1919 Barber & Co, New York. 1921 New York & Oriental SS Co, New York. 1925 NORMAN ISLES, A/S Dampsk Selsk. Normannia, Copenhagen. 1926 NJEGOS, Jugoslovensko-Amerikaniska Plovidba, Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia. 1928 Jugoslavenski Lloyd, Dubrovnik. 1940 Detained by Vichy French at Dakar. 1944 MOWT, managed by Christian Salvesen and scuttled. |
| Parklaan |
3,807 |
1911 |
Built by J. L. Thompson & Sons, Sunderland. 1911 MANNINGTRY, Imperial SS Co, Manchester. 1916 ARABIER, Brys & Gylsen Ltd, London. 1922 CALDY LIGHT, Bristol Channel Steamers Ltd, Cardiff. 1932 Marjanels SS Co, London. 1934 RONNSKAR, O/Y Wasa SS Co, Wasa, Finland. 1937 PARKLAAN, N.V. Stoomschip "Hannah", Rotterdam. 1944 MOWT and scuttled. 1945 refloated and scrapped at Troon. |
| Saltersgate |
3,940 |
1924 |
Built by Northumberland S.B. Co, Newcastle. 1924 OVERSTONE, Charles Radcliffe Lytd, Cardiff. 1927 SALTERSGATE, Turnbull, Scott & Co, London. 1944 Requisitioned by M.O.W.T, managed by Chr. Salvesen & Co, Leith and scuttled. |
| Sirehei |
3,888 |
1907 |
Built by J. L. Thompson & Sons, Sunderland. 1907 BRATSBERG, A/S Borgestad, Porsgrunn, Norway. 1936 SIREHEI, A/S Helgoy, Kristiansand. 1944 MOWT, London and scuttled. 1946 Raised and scrapped at Blyth. |
| Vinlake |
3,938 |
1913 |
Built by J. L. Thompson & Sons, Sunderland. 1913 NORTH PACIFIC, Pacific Shipping Ltd, Sunderland. 1916 Felix SS Co, Sunderland. 1920 Newfoundland Maritime Co, Sunderland. 1923 Exmouth SS Co, Cardiff. 1934 CSIKOS, Anglo-Hungarian Shipping Co, Budapest. 1941 Transferred to Panamanian registry. 1942 VINLAKE, Kentships Ltd, London. 1944 MOWT, managed by Christian Salvesen and scuttled. 1946 refloated and beached at St. Maws, leaking badly and scrapped. |
| Winha |
3.391 |
1904 |
Built by Hawthorn, Leslia & Co, Newcastle. 1904 ATLANTIC, Rederi A/B Transatlantic, Goteborg, Sweden. 1929 Rederi A/B Bore, Goteborg. 1935 WINHA, Winha O/Y, Helsingfors, Finland. 1941 MOWT, managed by Raeburn & Verel, Glasgow. 1944 MOWT, managed by J & J. Denholm and scuttled. |
Gooseberry 4
|
NAME
|
TONS
|
BUILT
|
HISTORY
|
| Belgique |
4,606 |
1902 |
Built by Ropner & Son, Stockton. 1902 COURTFIELD, Harris & Dixon Ltd, London. 1919 Fothergill & Nelson Ltd, London. 1921 Fothergill & Co, London. 1921 BELGIQUE, Cie Royale Belgo-Argentine, Antwerp. 1944 Requisitioned by MOWT and scuttled. |
| Bendoran |
5,567 |
1910 |
Built by Chas. Connell & Co, Glasgow. 1910 INDRADEO, T. B. Royden, Liverpool. 1915 Alfred Holt & Co, Liverpool. 1916 EURYBATES, Alfred Holt & Co, Liverpool. 1926 CAMBRIAN PEERESS, R. J. Thomas & Co, Liverpool. 1931 BENDORAN, Petrograd Steamers Ltd, Leith. 1944 MOWT, managed by J & J. Denholm and scuttled. 1947 refloated and scrapped at Blyth. |
| Empire Bunting |
6,448 |
1919 |
Built by Skinner & Eddy Corp, Seattle. 1919 EELBECK, U.S. Shipping Board, Seattle. 1937 U.S. Maritime Commission,Seattle. 1941 EMPIRE BUNTING, MOWT, London managed by Headlam & Sons, 1944 Scuttled. 1947 Refloated and scrapped at Portaferry. |
| Empire Flamingo |
5,207 |
1920 |
WWI Standard type, Built by American International
SB Corp, Hog Island, Pa. 1920 JOLEE, U.S. Shipping Board, Philadelphia. 1933 Lykes Bros, Houston. 1941 EMPIRE FLAMINGO, M.O.W.T. managed by G. Nisbet & Co. Scuttled 9th June.1944. |
| Empire Moorhen |
5,617 |
1919 |
WWI Standard type, built by Columbia River
SB Corp, Portland, Ore. 1919 WEST TOTANT, U.S. Shipping Board, Portland, Ore. 1937 U.S. Maritime Commission, Portland, Ore. 1941 EMPIRE MOORHEN, MOWT, London managed by Booth SS Co. 1947 Refloated and scrapped at Troon. |
| Empire Waterhen |
6,004 |
1920 |
Built by Oscar Daniels Co, Tampa, Fla. 1920 MANATEE, U.S. Shipping Board, Tampa, Fla. 1937 U.S. Maritime Commission, Tampa, Fla. 1940 EMPIRE WATERHEN, M.O.W.T. managed by R. Chapman & Son. 1944 M.O.W.T. managed by J & J. Denholm Ltd. Scuttled 9th June 1944, refloated 1948 and scrapped at Penarth. |
| Manchester Spinner |
4,767 |
1918 |
Built by Irvine's S.B. & DD Co, West Hartlepool 1918 GRAMPIAN RANGE, Neptune S.N. Co, Liverpool. 1921 MANCHESTER SPINNER, Manchester Liners Ltd, Manchester. 1944 M.O.W.T managed by J & J. Denholm Ltd, scuttled. |
| Mariposa |
3,807 |
1914 |
Built by J. Priestman & Co, Sunderland. 1914 IOANNIS VATIS, J. L. Vatis & Co, Syra, Greece. 1923 THEOFANO, Livenos Bros, Chios. 1928 CEFNBRYN, Brynmor SS Co, London. 1931 DEDINJE, Jadran Brodarsko, Bakar, Yugoslavia. 1934 GALEB, Jugoslavenska Plovidba DD, Susak,, Yugoslavia 1934 CEFNBRYN, Brynmor SS Co, London. 1935 GALEB, Jugoslavenska Plovidba DD, Susak. 1935 GREEK MARINER, Neill & Pandelis, Piraeus, Greece. 1938 MARIPOSA, Neill & Pandelis Ltd, London. 1944 MOWT, managed by J & J. Denholm Ltd, scuttled. |
| Panos |
4,914 |
1920 |
Built by J. Readhead & Sons, South Shields. 1920 HOMECLIFFE, G. T. Readhead & Co, South Shields. 1934 AVON VALLEY, Mark Whitwill & Son, Bristol. 1937 PANOS, United Merchants Shipping Co, London. 1944 M.O.W.T. managed by J & J. Denholm Ltd and scuttled. |
| Vera Radcliffe |
5,587 |
1925 |
Built by Craig, Taylor & Co, Stockton. 1925 VERA RADCLIFFE, E. Thomas Radcliffe & Co., London. 1944 M.O.W.T, managed by J & J. Denholm Ltd and scuttled. |
Gooseberry 5
|
NAME
|
TONS
|
BUILT
|
HISTORY
|
| Becheville |
4,228 |
1924 |
Built by Sir J. Priestman & Co, Sunderland. 1924 WESTLEA, J. Morrison & Son, Newcastle. 1927 NEWTON ELM, Jno Ridley, Son & Tully, Newcastle. 1937 BECHEVILLE, Jas. German & Co, London. 1944 M.O.W.T managed by Chr. Salvesen & Co, Leith and scuttled. |
| Courbet |
22,189 |
1911 |
French battleship built by Arsenal de Brest. 1921 Became French Navy schoolship. 1940 Recommissioned 1940 Under Royal Navy control then transferred to Free French and became anti-aircraft guard ship at Portsmouth. 1944 Scuttled. |
| Dover Hill |
5,815 |
1918 |
Built by Northumberland SB Co, Newcastle. 1918 CLAN MACVICAR, Clan Line Steamers Ltd, Glasgow. 1936 DOVER HILL, Counties Ship Management Ltd, London 4th Apr.1943 damaged by air attack in Kola Inlet, transferred to MOWT, managed by J & J. Denholm Ltd and scuttled. |
| Durban HMS |
4,650 |
1919 |
H.M.Cruiser. Built by Scotts SB & Eng.
Co, Greenock. 1940 Far Eastern Fleet and then convoy escort duties to South Africa. 1943 Paid off into reserve fleet 1944 Scuttled. |
| Empire Defiance |
4,632 |
1909 |
Built by Reiherstieg Schiffswerft, Hamburg 1909 ISERLOHN, Deutsche-Australische Damps.Ges., Hamburg. 1919 The Shipping Controller, managed by British India S.N. Co. 1921 UNION CITY, Sir W. R. Smith & Sons Ltd, Bideford 1925 WASABORG, J. A. Zachariassen, Nystad, Finland. 1935 ERICA, Achille Lauro, Naples. 1940 EMPIRE DEFIANCE, MOWT managed by T & J. Brocklebank Ltd. 1944 managed by J & J. Denholm Ltd, and scuttled. 1951 refloated and scrapped at Antwerp. |
| Empire Tamar |
6,561 |
1907 |
Built by Workman, Clark & Co, Belfast. 1907 KIA ORA, Shaw, Savill & Albion Ltd, Southampton. 1935 VERBANIA, Ditta Luigi Pittaluga Vapori, Genoa. 1937 Achille Lauro, Naples. 1940 EMPIRE TAMAR, MOWT, managed by J. A. Billmeir. 1944 managed by J & J. Denholm Lts and scuttled. 1947 refloated and scrapped at Strangford Lough. |
| Empire Tana |
6,148 |
1923 |
Built by Stabilimento Tecnico, Trieste. 1923 CARSO, Navigazione Libera Triestina S.A, Trieste. 1937 Lloyd Triestino, Trieste. 1941 Scuttled at Kisimayo, salvaged by British. 1941 CARSO, M.O.W.T. managed by F. C. Strick & Co, London. 1943 EMPIRE TANA, same owner.and manager. 1944 MOWT, managed by J. & J. Denholm, Greenock and scuttled. |
| Forbin |
7,291 |
1922 |
Passenger / cargo ship. Built by Forges &
Chantiers de la Mediteranee, Havre. 1922 FORBIN, Chargeurs Reunis, Havre. 1940 Requisitioned at Liverpool, MOWT, London, managed by Bibby Bros. 1944 Scuttled. |
| Sumatra |
8,078 |
1920 |
Dutch cruiser. Built by Schelde Naval Shipyards. Not suitable for combat duties during the war. 1944 Scuttled |
Additional blockships scuttled later to repair damage.
|
NAME
|
TONS
|
BUILT
|
HISTORY
|
| Alcoa Leader |
5,041 |
1919 |
Built by American International SB Corp, Hog
Island, Pa. 1919 SCHODACK, U.S. Shipping Board, Philadelphia. 1937 U.S. Maritime Commission, Philadelphia. 1940 ALCOA LEADER, Alcoa SS Co, New York. Scuttled 13th Aug.1944 to reinforce Gooseberry 2. |
| Bosworth |
6,672 |
1919 |
Built by J. L. Thompson & Sons, Sunderland. 1919 WAR PERIDOT, The Shipping Controller, London (managed by Canadian Pacific SS Co) 1919 Canadian Pacific Railway Co, London. 1920 BOSWORTH, Canadian Pacific Railway Co, London. 1928 H. M. Thomson Ltd, London. 1944 Transferred to M.O.W.T and scuttled 2nd Sep.1944 to reinforce Gooseberry 3. 1949 refloated and scrapped at Troon. |
| Empire Bittern |
8,546 |
1902 |
Built by Harland & Wolff Ltd, Belfast. 1902 IOWA, G. Warren & Co, Liverpool. 1913 BOHEMIA, Hamburg America Line, Hamburg. 1914 Laid up at New York and 1917 seized by U.S. authorities. 1917 ARTEMIS, U.S. Shipping Board, New York. 1937 U.S.Maritime Commission, New York. 1941 EMPIRE BITTERN, MOWT, managed by Royal Mail Lines, London. Scuttled 23rd Jul.1944 to reinforce Gooseberry 3. |
| Exford |
4,969 |
1919 |
Built by American International SB Corp, Hog
Island, Pa. 1919 HOG ISLAND, U.S. Shipping Board, Philadelphia. 1925 Export SS Corp, New York. 1928 EXPRESS, Export SS Corp, New York. 1938 American Export Lines Inc, New York. 1940 EXFORD, American Export Lines Inc, New York. Scuttled.26th Aug.1944 to reinforce Gooseberry 2. 1951 refloated and scrapped. |
| Illinoian |
6,473 |
1918 |
Built by Osaka Iron Works, Innoshima. 1918 EASTERN LIGHT, U.S. Shipping Board, Seattle. Dec.1818 - Apr.1919 U.S. Navy requisition,, Overseas Transportation Service. 1926 WILLKENO, American Merchant Marine SS Corp, Wilmington, Del. 1929 Williams SS Corp, New York. 1937 ISTHMIAN, American-Hawaiian SS Co, New Tork. 1939 ILLINOIAN, same owner. Scuttled 28th July to reinforce Gooseberry 2. |
| Kentuckian |
5,200 |
1910 |
Built by Maryland Steel Co, Sparrow's Point,
Md. 1910 KENTUCKIAN, American-Hawaiian SS Co, New York. Scuttled on 12th Aug.1944 to reinforce Gooseberry 2. |
| Kofresi |
4,934 |
1920 |
WWI Standard Type, built by American SB Corp,
Hog Island, Pa. 1920 KENOWIS, U.S.Shipping Board, Philadelphia. 1927 U.S. Army Transport. 1928 U.S.Shipping Board, Philadelphia. 1931 Waterman SS Corp, Mobile. 1939 KOFRESI, Waterman SS Corp, Mobile. Scuttled 14th Aug.1944 to reinforce Gooseberry 2. |
| Lena Luckenbach |
5,238 |
1920 |
Built by Harima Dockyard Co, Harima, Japan. 1920 EASTERN SOLDIER, U.S. Shipping Board, Seattle. 1922 LENA LUCKENBACH, Luckenbach SS Co, New York. Scuttled 4th Aug.1944 to reinforce Gooseberry 2. |
| Maycrest |
5,923 |
1913 |
Built by Russell & Co, Glasgow. 1913 VERDALA, Gow, Harrison & Co, Glasgow. 1917 MONGOLIAN PRINCE, Prince Line Ltd, Newcastle. 1928 ISTOK, Atlanska Plovidba Ivo Racik, Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia. 1929 Jugoslavenska Lloyd, Dubrovnik. 1940 MAYCREST, Crest Shipping Co, London. Scuttled 4th Aug.1944 to reinforce Gooseberry 2. |
| Norjerv |
5,582 |
1919 |
Built by Ames SB & DD Co, Seattle, Wash. 1919 WEST ISLIP, U.S. Shipping Board, Seattle. 1928 GOLDEN ROD, Oceanic & Oriental Nav. Co, San Francisco. 1934 WILLHILO, Williams SS Corp, New York. 1937 INDIANAN, American-Hawaiian SS Corp, San Francisco. 1940 EMPIRE EAGLE, M.O.W.T managed by Runciman Ltd, London. 1942 NORJERV, Norwegian Government, Oslo. 1944 Scuttled 26th June to reinforce Gooseberry 4, 1949 refloated but sunk in tow to Stranford Lough for scrapping. |
| Parkhaven |
4,803 |
1920 |
Built by W. Dobson & Co, Newcastle. 1920 PARKHAVEN, Gebr.van Uden, Rotterdam. 1925 N.V. Gebr. van Uden's Scheepsv.en Agentuur Mij, Rotterdam. Scuttled 10th Jul.1944 to reinforce Gooseberry 3. |
| Pennsylvanian |
5,191 |
1913 |
Built by Maryland Steel Co, Sparrow's Point,
Md. 1913 PENNSYLVANIAN American-Hawaiian SS Co, New York. Scuttled Aug.1944 to reinforce Gooseberry breakwater. |
| Robin Gray |
6,896 |
1920 |
Built by Skinner & Eddy Corp, Seattle,
Wash. 1920 ROBIN GRAY, Robin Line SS Corp, San Francisco. 1930 Seas Shipping Co, Inc. Scuttled 18th Aug.1944 to reinforce Gooseberry 2. |
| Sahale |
5,028 |
1919 |
Built by American International SB Corp, Hog
Island, Pa. 1919 SAHALE, U.S. Shipping Board, Philadelphia. 1930 Tampa Interocean SS Co, New Orleans. Scuttled 24th Aug.1944 to reinforce breakwater. |
| Stanwell |
5,767 |
1914 |
Built by Sir James Laing & Sons, Sunderland. 1914 STOCKWELL, Tyzack & Branfoot, Newcastle. 1919 R. S. Dalgliesh, Newcastle. 1919 T & J. Brocklebank Ltd, Newcastle. 1938 STANWELL, J. A.. Billmeir Ltd, London. Scuttled 16th Jul.1944 to reinforce Gooseberry 2. |
| West Nilus |
5,495 |
1920 |
Built by Southwestern SB Co, San Pedro, Calif. 1920 WEST NILUS, U.S. Shipping Board, Los Angeles. 1926 Pacific Argentine Brazil Line, San Francisco. 1941 Pope & Talbot Inc, San Francisco. Scuttled 7th Jul.1944 to reinforce Gooseberry 2. |
| Dragon |
4,276 |
1917 |
Polish cruiser. Built by Scotts SB & Eng.
Co, Greenock. 1918 HMS DRAGON, Royal Navy. 1943 DRAGON, Polish Navy, convoy escort duties. 1944 D-Day landings. 8th Jun.1944 badly damaged by German manned torpedo off Caen. 20th Jul.1944 scuttled to reinforce Gooseberry 4. |
ef 25.11.2008